Political culture refers to the set of mental tendencies and attitudes of individuals towards the political system and political elites of a country. On this basis and considering the impact of the type of political culture and its effective components on the national security of countries, the present study seeks to explain the effective components of political culture in improving the level of national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran based on the Second Step of the Revolution statement. The main question of this study has been taken as: What are the effective components of political culture in improving the level of national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran based on the Second Step of the Revolution statement? This qualitative study used the grounded theory method in data analysis and attempted to create a new theory through semi-structured interviews with experts and scholars in the field of politics and international relations. This study ultimately reached theoretical saturation and created a new theory after fifteen interviews. The research findings show that this operates on the basis of a specific conceptual pattern and model. Accordingly, and as the research findings also confirm, there is a direct relationship between the development of political culture and the national security of the Islamic Republic, and the promotion of the components of a developed political culture can lead to the strengthening of the country's national security.